Motown's quality-control meetings vote on every song before release

Gordy, an ex-Ford assembly-line worker, founded Motown in Detroit in 1959 with an $800 family loan and organized the label like a production line, with specialists in writing, producing, artist development and promotion. He needed a dependable way to choose which songs became singles.

Make song selection a factory gate: writers, producers and staff from every department hear new records in a weekly meeting and vote before anything ships.

Each week, staff from all segments of the company gathered to hear new recordings and vote on whether each would be a hit; records that did not win the room were not released. The debates were fierce: a videotaped session captured staff arguing over whether to release the Temptations' "My Girl."

From 1961 to 1971 Motown landed 110 Top 10 hits and released few records that were not hits, turning an $800 startup into the most successful soul label of the era and a quality system the music business studied.

Berry Gordy built Motown in Detroit in 1959 with an $800 family loan and the instincts of a Ford assembly-line worker. Instead of letting producers push songs out as they pleased, he organized the label like a factory — separate specialists for writing, producing, artist development and promotion — and capped the line with a weekly quality-control meeting.

In that meeting, staff from every segment of the company listened to new recordings and voted on whether each would be a hit. Only records that survived the room were released. The sessions were openly competitive: a videotaped meeting shows staff arguing over whether the Temptations' "My Girl" deserved a single release, and the documentary record shows Gordy himself leading discussions of the next wave of releases.

The system worked. From 1961 to 1971 Motown produced 110 Top 10 hits and released few songs that were not hits, an unheard-of ratio for a record company. The quality-control meeting became part of Motown's legend, and the label's 1960s catalog is still part of daily radio playlists around the world.

A roomful of voters filtered a huge output of songs through peer judgment instead of one person's taste.

Because promotion, sales and creative staff all voted, a record had to convince more than just its producer before it shipped.

The meeting forced competition into the open: writers and producers argued for their songs in front of colleagues, which raised the bar for everything submitted.

Borrowing the factory's quality gate gave a creative business a repeatable process instead of luck.

Put the gate in a room, not in one boss: when the people closest to the work must defend a song or an idea in front of peers, taste stops being a single person's gamble.

The meetings became part of Motown's legend, and their tape recordings later opened the 2019 Showtime documentary "Hitsville: The Making of Motown" with the sound of Gordy chairing a 1960s quality-control session. Motown's decade of chart dominance ended as the 1970s arrived, but the idea that a release gate should be a group judgment survived inside music and product companies for decades.